Internal-combustion engine.



L. B. IOYNER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Patented Aug. 13, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 5.1916.

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A nomvfys L. B. JOY-NER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. s. I9Is.

Patented Aug. 13, i918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- UHNEYS we Nanms mens co.. Nora-urna.. wAsHINcmN. n. I..

WITNESSES L. B. JOYNER. mninwAL'comusTloN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 6.1916- Patend Aug. 13, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' mvmron /9/1/50/1/9 dam/Ef? A TTUHNEVS To all whom t may concern,-

' LANsoN B. JOYNER, or sT. cnoun,ylvrnmsnsoTA.ik

' -mTERNAL-coMBUsTIoN ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patenten Aug; 13,1918;

p Application meandvemter e, 131e.v serial No. 125,858.`

i c 4Beit known thai-,1, LANsoN B. JorNER, a citizen `of the United States,v anda resident of St, Cloud, in the county ,of'Stearns and State of Minnesota, have invented' a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal- Conibustion Engines, of which the following isa specification. i g

My present invention relates generally to an internal combustion engine, v andV more particularly to this. character'of engine of a type .in which the piston'is ysubjected to eX.- plosions .'.upon bothV sides thereof, occurring Vin the opposite. ends of its cylinder, my pri'- mary object bein to provide certain improvementswhere ythisparticular type of engine, ordinarily ineflicient and Vimpracticablefmay be re'ndened effective and practicable, and utilized to eiiciently perform the several functions, andl inthe several instances,

i feed connection `at the rear end ofthe piston rodwx .for which the usual type`of engine is employed. 'A y Th vse .and certain'other obj ectsA which will hereinafter` more.` particularlyl appear, may

:be readily understood from the following description lshowing. one manner in which my `invention is carried out,.and referring to the ,accomp anying drawings illustrating the same and forminga part of 4this specification. y vIn these drawings:

Figure 1 1S a Side elevation illustrating my Aimp1")75111611ts; f Y

Fig A2 is an` enlarged side view, partly broken away and in section, of a portionl of l.the forward cylinderand the crosshead;

A Fig, 3 is a detail cross section'taken substantially online 3-3 `of Fig.. 2; a

Eig.` Lijis a rearv endview;

`Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section through the forwardcylinder; c, Fi 6 is a-yertical cross section taken substantiallyion lineAG- of Fig. 5; Y c f Fig.'7 is a detailhorizontal sectionztaken substantially-on line l7--7 of Fig.- 6; and Y Fig.`V 8 -is a detail .elevation showing the I teferringnow to these gures, and particularlyto Fig.` 1, Ihave. shown a pair of horizontally almed axially, disposed cylinders 1 0 and 11, each -having upper intake valves 12 and lower exhaust valves 13 located .adjacent the opposite ends thereof to provide for explosions "within-the opposite ends of each lcylinder and uponirelatively opposite sides ofthe intermediate piston 14 located within the cylinder' as seen in Fig. 5J YThe piston rod 15 extends through .theV pistons 14 of the two'cylinderslO and 11, and is connected to'lav cross headl'at its forward end, the latter being'in'turn connected by a pitman 17, to the crank 18 of the main`shaft19',

which latter is connected through intermediate shafts'20and 21, and gears'22, toa cam shaft 23 from whichV the intake and exhaust valves 12 and 13, as well as the spark plugs generally seen vat 24:,y are controlled through seen at 28 in Fig. 1 actuating the fuel pumps 29, pipes 30 from which lead to the carbureter 31 connected tothe fuel pipe 32, the latter of which has branches leading into the several casings of thelintake valves 12. 'This 4cams 25 carried by vthe camshaft 23, and

carbureter is preferably controlled from a c governor 33 geared toone of the connecting gears 22 beforer described, for.v instance, through flexible connections extending through a pipe `or other casing`34, in order to increase or decrease the fuel supplyV to, ,s

the cylinders 10 and 11, in accordance with u the speedof rotation of the driven shaft 19.

A magneto 35 may yalso be geared, as shown vin Fig, 1, to one of the connecting gears 22before described, to supply current I cool the pistons and adjacent parts` and pack the'piston rod at the ends, of the cylinder. In accordance with my improvements, however, the piston 14 of each cylinder, asl pari ticularlyf seenin Fig,` .4, yis provided with anV inner solid portion 36 which screws upon an enlarged'threaded,portion 37 of the pistt() 4wherebya complete circulation of a cool- Vto the several spark plugs24ethrough conlnections as ordinarily used' and not shown. c, Internal combustion engines of the type *abovegenerallydescribed have, heretofore, been impracticable and ineffective princi- Vpally on account of thefinability to properly ing fluid may be had through the piston, the side walls38 being provided with enlarged threaded openings coaxial with lthe rod 15, to receive the Vadjacentthreaded end of tubes 41 surrounding the rod 15 in spaced relation to the latter, so as to form an annularl channel 42 through which the cooling iuid may flow yto and from the pistons 14,

the forward end of the forwardtube 41,-

as seen in Fig. 2, being threaded into a conformab'le bore vin the cross head 16, from which a lateral port 43 vopens into an outlet pipe in telescoping sections 44 and 45, the former of which is jointed aty 46, leading to asuitabletank 47 v Y The intake pipe 48 of a fluid pump 49 as seen in Fig. 1, which pump is driven, for instance through ,the sprocket and chain connection 50 Vas` shown, from the main shaft 19,*fextends .from the tank 47 andthe discharge pipe 51 of the pump leads rearwardly along one lower` side of lthe cylinders `10 andl 11 as'seen by reference to Figs.-1, 4, and 6, with branches 52leading to the water jackets 53 of thecylinders 10 Vand 11, the rear end of pipe 51 being con- Thus, a vportion of the cooling fluidfroin .the pump 49,-f1nds its way into the rear end of the sectional tube 41,V and thus through thechannel 42 thereof surrounding the piston rod,;and successively through the pistons of the cylindersflO and 11 to the movable discharge pipe 44-45, another portion of such fluid from the pump -finding its way into the water jacket 53l of the cylinders 10 and 11, from which it isv directed through a discharge pipe 55,1asseen in Fig. 1, back to the tank 47.

Thusy the cooling fluid is pumped through the several pistons, aswell as within the water jacket of the several cylinders,`the fluid in the water jackets ofthe several cylinders preferably finding its way into water jackets 56, seen in Fig. 5, and surrounding the casings 57 of the exhaust valves 13, which casings 57,. as well as fthe casings 58 of the intake valve12, are removably bolted to their supports 'so that the intake and outlet valves maybe bodily removed for convenient-repair or substitution and to permit of ingress to the cylinders 10 and 11.

The casing 57 of each of the exhaust VVvalves is connected by a Vshort connecting pipe 59, as seen in Fig. 7, to the exhaust pipe 60, common to both cylinders, and in order to effectively pack the piston rodl with its sectional tube' 41, I preferably provide each of the cylinder` heads 61 with an annular rib 62, as best seen in Fig. V5, surrounding its opening, and providing for the effective engagement of the packing boxes 63 having internal packing rings 64 and internal annular groovesto receive the rib 62, the boxes 63 being to this end formed in two parts connected by connecting bolts 65 as plainly seen by reference to Fig.4.

In' the above Vmanner I am enabled to promote sufficient circulation of :cooling-` fluid through the ,piston rod and piston Atoeffecti-vely cool these "parts,lwhich, together with the particular' means of packing the piston rod, enables me to construc'tand operate for allof the purposes to whichxinternal combustion `engines of thistype are adapted,

communicating with said spaces, an intermediate piston within the Cylinder havinga solid central portion and sideA walls Vspaced from the said centralportion to form annular recesses adjacent the opposite sides of the piston, Vthe said central portion having a series of op enings communicating between the said annular recesses, whereby to provide for the circulation of a cooling fluid through the -piston, a piston rod on (which the centralj'solid 'portion of the pistonis secured, tubes' surfrounding the piston rod-fin .spaced relation and connected tothe sidewalls of the. piston, saidtubes forming annular channels around the'V piston rod, ,communicating`A with. ther spaces between the central solid *portionv of the side walls ofthe piston, andmeans-for eecting a circulationof cooling "fi-uid through the said channelsaround the rod and the said .circulatingspaces4 Vof',V the piston. Y

2. In an Vinternal combustion engine-'ofthe type described, azcylinder having combustion spaces adjacent opposite ends, thereofhand ,fuel intake and exhaustl connections*communicating with saidv spaces@ alnjfintel'- mediate pistonj within vthe cylinder 'having a solid central `portirm andv side walls'spaoed from the s ai'dv central portion to form annular recesses adj acent' vthe opposite-*sides of the piston, the saidcentral portion havling a series of openings communicating betweenthe said annular recesses, wherebylto provide for the cli'culationof a cooling fiuid "through the piston, a piston'frod onj which the central solidportion offthe piston is secured, tubes surrounding the pistonfrod in spaced relationV and Iconnected to the side walls of the pist-on, said tubesv forming annular channels aroundthe piston 'rod coinmunicating with the spaces between the censaid tubes around the piston being threaded tral solid portion of the side Walls of the for engagement with the said threaded aperpiston, and means for eecting a circulation tures of the piston side Walls. l

of cooling Huid through the said channels LANSON B. J OYNER. l 5 around the piston rod and the said circulat- Witnesses:

ing spaces of the piston, said side walls of R. LEo'Qmmi,

the piston having threaded openings, and DAVID A. NU'LTING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve eents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

